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Heraclius, Bishop of Angoulême
Heraclius (bishop c.574–c.580〔Favreau, 12.〕) was Bishop of Angoulême. The main source about his life is the ''Historia Francorum'' of Gregory of Tours.〔Martindale, Jones & Morris (1992), p. 584〕
==Bishop-elect of Saintes==
Nothing is known of the early life of Heraclius. Gregory briefly mentions his service as a diplomat under Childebert I, King of Franks (reigned 511-558)〔〔Gregory of Tours, V 36〕 He is first mentioned c. 562 as a priest in Bordeaux, involved in a religious dispute. Leontius II, Bishop of Bordeaux ordered the deposition of Emerius, Bishop of Saintes. Emerius had been apponted by charter of Chlothar I (reigned 511-561). Leontius argued that the appointment violated canon law and was thus void. He then summoned a local Synod to elect a new Bishop of Saintes. Heraclius was elected in the position and was sent to announce the decision to Charibert I (reigned 561-567).〔〔Gregory of Tours, IV 26〕〔Crabb (1833), entry "Leontius"〕 Heraclius' election was part of a wider agenda. During the 6th century the Merovingian kings and their representatives sought to appoint favourites to high-ranking positions in the Church. Meanwhile, the Bishops "held it to be a duty to oppose the King when he sought to meddle with Episcopal appointments". On several occasion electing their own candidates to office.〔Rosmini (1883), p. 150〕
Heraclius first visited Eufronius, Bishop of Tours, attempting to gain his support. Eufronius simply refused. Heraclius got an even colder reception from Charibert himself. He took the decision as an insult to the memory of his father. Heraclius was the first to pay for this insult, punished severely. He was placed in a wagon covered with thorns and transported to exile. Leontius had to pay a fine of 1000 gold pieces, while the other participants in the synod paid fines determined by their level of wealth. Charibert took care to restore Emerius to his position.〔 The scene has been seen at times as a show of filial loyalty. With Charibert honoring the decisions of deceased Clothar. Gary Johnson, however, pointed than on other occasions Charibert didn't hesitate to overturn such decisions. More likely than not, Charibert was acting to avenge an insult to royal authority itself. Emerius had been appointed by a king and deposed by a council. Said council had never bothered to consult Charibert before electing a new bishop. Instead they simply announced their decision to Charibert and expected him to acknowledge it. Had he done so, Charibert would have effectively resigned his authority over the Church. His actions confirmed that the final decision over appointments still rested with the reigning king.〔(Gary Johnson, "Royal Participation in Episcopal Elections in Merovigian Gaul". 1995 article, featured in "Electronic Antiquity" vol. 3 #3 )〕
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